Debt And Disability: Financial Recovery Resources For People With Disabilities

November 21, 2022

Debt And Disability: Financial Recovery Resources For People With Disabilities

Written by guess blogger: National Debt Relief

 

People with disabilities often face unique challenges — the most pervasive of which are financial. This segment of the population is a disproportionate percentage of the unemployed, making up what is known as the “disability employment gap.” According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the unemployment rate for people with disabilities in 2022 was 8.3%. That is more than double that of people without disabilities, which was 3.2% during the same time frame.

This challenge, among others, can lead to overwhelming levels of debt. However, there are steps that people with disabilities can take to recover and improve their financial situation.

Disability and financial vulnerability

Financial vulnerability is a common experience for people with disabilities since they often lack the economic resources to pay for or recover from unexpected expenses. And when someone is dealing with a special need, unexpected costs are par for the course.

This can have profound implications for those with limited resources and high expenses. A lack of funds may threaten their ability to maintain necessary housing, nutrition, medical care, and other key factors affecting health and survival. 

The absence of such resources can result in further financial instability. Failure to maintain a healthy financial plan can trigger a downward spiral resulting in bankruptcy, diminished health (both physical and mental), and financial dependence on family members and friends. It is unfortunate that people in the greatest need appear to be disproportionately subject to extraordinary costs of living. 

There are many reasons the disabled experience monetary instability at higher rates. Below are some reasons that make them more at risk:

Underemployment

Underemployment is working fewer hours than desired or being employed in a job that does not reflect one’s qualifications. This is all too common for people with disabilities. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2021, the rate of part-time workers with disabilities was 29%, compared to 16% for able-bodied individuals. 

Additionally, underemployed individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis are more likely to live in poverty and experience financial burdens. They may also have difficulty paying for necessities like housing, food, and medical care. This has profound implications for individuals with mental health issues. 

Fortunately, there are programs in place that can help disabled people who are underemployed. 

Here are some organizations that provide resources on employment:

• The National Disability Institute – Offers a financial coaching program for people with disabilities. The program provides free one-on-one financial coaching and education to help participants improve their economic situation.
• The Association of People Supporting Employment First (APSE) – This is a national organization that promotes employment opportunities for the disabled. APSE offers resources and support to individuals, families, and organizations striving to improve employment outcomes.
• The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) – This commission is responsible for enforcing laws regarding discrimination against job applicants and employees based on their disabilities.
• The Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) – The US Department of Labor is working to increase employment opportunities for disabled individuals. ODEP provides resources and support to individuals, businesses, and service providers.
• The Job Accommodation Network (JAN) – This consulting service provides information and advice for workplaces to provide accommodations for individuals with disabilities.

Lack of access to financial institutions

People with disabilities are less likely to have a bank account. According to a 2019 report from the National Disability Institute, only 47% of working-age adults with disabilities had a checking or savings account, compared to 69% of those without. 

This lack of access to financial institutions can make it difficult for the disabled to save money, pay bills, and build credit. It can also make them more susceptible to financial exploitation. The good news is that online banking now provides access where there once was none.

Fixed income and low wages

It is not uncommon for people with disabilities to live on fixed incomes, whether from social security disability insurance, supplemental security income, or other sources. This can make it challenging to provide the essentials for oneself or one’s family, especially if the amount of money is insufficient to even cover the basics. 

In addition, people with disabilities often have a lower income due to limited positions available. They are also less likely to have access to well-paying work, which means their financial capabilities are further limited.

This combination of low wages and fixed incomes can make it difficult to get ahead with their finances. It can also make them more likely to experience poverty and financial insecurity.

Increased cost of living

Financial challenges are not unique to people with disabilities. The increased cost of living has hit everyone. But it can make it especially difficult for the disabled to make ends meet. According to a recent study by Move.org, the cost of living has increased to 13% in the last year. As a result, people with disabilities can find it harder to maintain their already limited standard of living.

Medical debt

Medical debt is the leading cause of bankruptcy in the United States. So, it should come as no surprise that extra medical expenses are known to make a significant impact on the amount of debt for individuals with disabilities. 

Luckily, there are medical debt relief options that can help. For example, many hospitals offer financial assistance programs for those struggling to pay their bills. 

If you or a loved one has a disability, you may be able to get help through programs like Medicaid or Medicare. You can also consider ways to lower costs, such as prescription assistance programs or negotiating with your medical providers.

You might also want to consider seeking credit counseling or debt consolidation services. They can help you develop a plan to pay off your debts and create a plan to live a less limited lifestyle.

Inaccessible and unaffordable transportation, housing, and support

People with disabilities often face inaccessible and unaffordable transportation, housing, and support services. This makes working or participating in activities outside the home difficult, which can lead to isolation and mental health issues.

However, some programs and services can address these issues: :

• The Social Security Administration (SSA): This administration offers two programs that provide benefits to people with disabilities: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). The SSDI program is for individuals who have previously worked for a certain number of years and have become disabled. The SSI program is for low-income individuals who are disabled, blind, or over 65 years old.
• USA.gov: This website provides information on government programs and services that can help the disabled. The housing help page includes information on accessible and affordable housing options.
• The National Housing Trust Fund: This organization provides financing for developing and preserving affordable housing for low-income people, including people with disabilities.

Recognizing scams

Many companies claim the ability to be able to resolve your debt, but not all of them are legitimate. These scams can cause significant harm to the disabled, costing them time and money. To protect your personal finances from these scammers, it is important to recognize some of the warning signs and find ways to protect yourself.

Warning signs

The more you are aware of the different scams that target people with disabilities, the more equipped you will be at preventing a future attack. Generally speaking though, most scams will come with warning signs, so you can act accordingly. According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, here are some warning signs that a company or an individual may be scamming you:

• IRS or government scam: This scam involves someone pretending to be from a government agency or collection company and asking for personal information, such as your Social Security number or bank account information. They may also threaten legal action if you do not pay them. 

Words of advice: the IRS and the government will NEVER ask for personal information over the phone. If you are worried the call might be real, hang up and call the agency to confirm that the call is legit or a hoax.

• Fake debt relief scam: In this scam, a company offers to help you pay off your debt for a fee. They may require you to provide your bank account information or make payment upfront. Once they have your money, they will disappear, and you will still be in debt.
  
  Words of advice: It is illegal for a debt relief company to request fees upfront. If someone does, they are trying to take your money and run.
  
• Counterfeit cashier’s checks: In this scam, you receive a check for more money than you are owed. The scammer asks you to wire them the difference. The check is fake, and you will be responsible for any money you wire them.

Words of advice: Never wire people money unless you know them. Once initiated, wired funds can’t be cancelled. 

These are just a few warning signs that can help you avoid scams. It is important to remember that you should never give your personal information to someone you don’t know or trust.

Protecting yourself

To protect yourself from scammers, it is essential to:

• Verify the person’s identity and company by asking for their name, company name, and contact information.
• You can then research the company online or use the Better Business Bureau’s scam tracker to see if the company is legitimate. 
• Don’t give out personal information until you verify the company is verified as genuine.
• If a scammer pressures you into making a decision, tell the person you need time to think about it and end the conversation.

You can also report any suspicious activity to local law enforcement or the Federal Trade Commission.

Resources that can reduce financial vulnerability

Since individuals with disabilities have so many financial hurdles to jump through, there are several resources available that can reduce financial stress:

ABLE accounts

ABLE savings accounts, or Achieving a Better Life Experience savings accounts, allow contributions by the account holder, family, friends, or special needs trust to add funds tax-free.

Supplemental needs trusts

A supplemental needs trust is a legal arrangement that allows someone else to control how money is spent on behalf of a person with disabilities. This does NOT affect their eligibility for government benefits. This type of trust can be used to supplement government benefits and cover items such as housing, transportation, medical expenses, and education.

Medicaid waivers

Medicaid waivers are programs that provide services and support to the disabled so they can live independently in their own homes or communities instead of institutions. Each state has different Medicaid waiver programs, so it is important to research the options in your state.

Katie Becket waivers

The Katie Becket Waiver program provides in-home and community services so that children with disabilities can live at home with their families. This program is available in every state but has different eligibility requirements.

Policy solutions

Since these aforementioned methods don’t solve the foundation of the problem, this is when the government steps in. They can direct policy to address the unique financial challenges people with disabilities face. Here are some potential policy solutions:

Reforming asset limits

Asset limits are often a barrier for individuals with disabilities trying to save money or qualify for certain government benefits. Reforming asset limits would allow more people to save money without fear of losing their benefits from housing assistance and other aid.

Some states have already reformed their asset limits, which has positively impacted the financial security of people in those states.

Temporary disability programs

Temporary programs are available to help the disabled who cannot work, like SSI and SSDI. These programs can provide income support. Once approved for benefits, it is essential for you to understand how much you will receive and what expenses are covered. That is why it is essential to check with your state’s Department of Labor to see if you qualify.

Disabled worker tax credits

The Social Security Administration offers a Disabled Worker tax credit for people who are unable to work. This tax credit can help offset costs like medical expenses and housing. To qualify, you must meet certain requirements that include income and resource limits. Other tax credits are available, including the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Child Tax Credit.

There is also the Disability and the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), a program that can help the disabled who work and earn low incomes save money on taxes.

Ensuring Housing and Transportation Are Affordable and Accessible

Due to the shortage of accessible and affordable housing, it can be difficult for individuals with disabilities to find a place to live. This is especially true in urban areas with high demand and limited availability.

By offering incentives to developers and businesses, the government can help ensure that housing and transportation are more affordable and accessible.Improving accessibility and lowering costs can help reduce the overall cost of living and make it easier to get around. The government can also help by providing funding for accessible housing and transportation.

Raising the minimum wage

People with disabilities are more likely to work in minimum-wage jobs. Raising the minimum wage would help increase their overall income.

Jobseeker’s allowance

The Jobseeker’s Allowance is a government benefit that provides financial assistance to people looking for work. The allowance can help cover the cost of things like housing and transportation. To qualify, you must be unemployed and actively looking for a job.

Debt management options and strategies

In the meantime, there are plenty of options available for people to address their debt now while these government initiatives take place. They can help you keep up with your debt payments if you have a disability and live on a fixed income. 

Bankruptcy

Bankruptcy is a legal procedure allowing people to discharge their debts and strategize their next financial steps. When applying for bankruptcy, an automatic stay is placed on all collection activity, including wage garnishment, foreclosure, and repossession, giving you time to catch up on your bills and get your finances back on track. 

Individuals can file bankruptcy in two ways: Chapter 7 and Chapter 13. With Chapter 7 bankruptcy, assets are sold to pay off debts. In Chapter 13 bankruptcy, a repayment plan is created to pay off your debts over time.

This option has many pros, including the discharge of most types of debt, preventing collection activity, and keeping certain assets. However, there are also cons, such as being expensive and time-consuming.

Social security disability income

Social Security Disability Income (SSDI) is a non-garnishable source of income. SSDI can help you pay down credit card debt with a low income because your creditors cannot garnish wages or withdraw money from your bank account if you receive these benefits. This can help disabled individuals with a low income by providing them access to credit card debt relief.

Self-payment initiatives

A self-payment initiative is a program that allows individuals to negotiate their debts directly with creditors without going through a debt relief company. This process can be helpful for people with a steady income and who can make regular payments.

This option has a couple of pros, including saving money on fees and an improved credit score. There are also cons, such as difficulty in negotiating with creditors, and it taking a longer amount of time to pay off. 

Credit counseling for people on a fixed income or with bad credit

Credit counseling can help individuals manage their debts and repair bad credit. While personally researching and reading strategies to improve your bad credit is always wise, counselors will work closely with you to create a budget and negotiate with your creditors to lower interest rates and monthly payments. Counselors can also help prepare you for a debt management program or bankruptcy.

There are many advantages, such as helping you get out of debt, improving your credit score, and enabling you to budget and save money. 

Debt consolidation

Debt consolidation is the process of using a new loan to pay off existing debts. Consolidation can be done using a personal loan, home equity loan, or balance transfer credit card. This procedure can help you get out of debt faster by consolidating payments into one monthly expense.

Resources for disabled veterans

There are several resources available that will help resolve veteran debt, including:

• Veterans’ Benefits Administration: This program helps Veterans and their families buy homes, stay healthy, start careers, earn degrees, and more.
• Veterans Affairs Regional Service Office: This site can help Veterans locate the nearest VA office to provide in-person assistance.
• Veterans Crisis Line: This national hotline provides crisis counseling and support to veterans needing further assistance during a personal crisis. 
• Veterans Health Administration: This site provides information on healthcare benefits for disabled veterans.
• National Debt Relief Veteran Resource Guide: This organization provides a resource guide with information on various programs and benefits available to disabled veterans.

Special relief options for people with disabilities

If someone with a disability has a surmounting problem that is contributing to their financial issues, such as medical or student loan debt, there are several unique relief options available.

Student debt

Several repayment options can make student loan payments more manageable. These options include:

• Income-based repayment: To qualify, you must have a higher debt than your income. Your monthly payment will be 10-15% of your discretionary income.
• Pay as you earn repayment: This repayment plan is similar to Income-Based Repayment, but your payments will be 10% of your discretionary income.
• Extended repayment: This repayment plan extends your loan term, which lowers your monthly payments for up to 25 years.
• Income-contingent repayment: If you have a Direct Loan, you may be able to choose this repayment plan. Your monthly payment will be the lesser of 20% of your discretionary income or the amount it would require to pay the loan in 12 years.
• Total and permanent disability discharge: If you are permanently disabled, you may qualify for a total and permanent disability discharge. This discharge will cancel your federal student loan debt. To qualify, you must complete an application and provide documentation of your disability from a licensed physician. 

Grants

An individual earning a low income may qualify for a grant. These grants can help with rent, utilities, and other expenses. Contact your local government or community action agency to determine if you qualify. For more information, you can also check the USA.gov website and visit the Financial Assistance and Support Services for People with Disabilities.

Medical debts

If you are struggling to pay off medical debts, there are government and private grants available to help with medical bills. Here are some reliable sources to find a grant:

• Cindy Donald Dreams of Recovery Foundation: Dreams of Recovery strives to help individuals receive the therapy they need and the necessary equipment to improve their condition.
• The Michael-Ryan Pattison Foundation: The mission of this organization is to increase awareness and support for people living with paralysis. They offer scholarships so more people can access specialized therapies that will improve their quality of life.
• Medicaid: Medicaid is a program providing health insurance to low-income individuals.
• Social Security Disability Insurance: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is a federal program that benefits those with disabilities who have worked in the past.

In addition, several nonprofits can help with medical bills. These organizations may provide financial assistance or help you negotiate with your creditors:

• RxAssist: This website provides information on patient assistance programs.
• Freeclinics.com: Free clinics provide free or low-cost medical care to those who can’t afford it. 
• Community Health Advocates: Community Health Advocates is a nonprofit organization that helps with medical bills or helps you obtain health coverage. They will negotiate on your behalf with creditors and help you create a payment plan.

Debt management: other important resources and information

The following are valuable resources and information for disabled people who need help with debt management:

• National Disability Rights Network: This organization provides information and resources on various issues affecting people with disabilities.
• Disability.gov: This website provides information and resources on various topics, including employment, education, housing, and benefits.
• Benefits.gov: This website provides information on government benefits programs, including programs for the disabled.

Budgeting tools

In addition to debt management resources, you can also utilize budget tools available online to help manage your money and get out of debt.

• Mint: This personal finance app can help you track your spending, create a budget, and find ways to save money.
• You Need A Budget (YNAB): This is another personal finance app that offers a free trial to help you get started with budgeting.
• EveryDollar: This budgeting tool from Dave Ramsey can help you create a budget and track your progress.

Finding accessible work

If you are struggling to find work, the following resources may be helpful:

• Vocational Rehabilitation: Vocational rehabilitation (VR) services can help people with disabilities find and keep a job.
• Ticket to Work: The Ticket to Work program can help the disabled who receive Social Security disability benefits find and keep a job.
• One-Stop Career Centers: One-stop career centers offer job search assistance, including resume help and interview preparation.
• Local Chambers of Commerce: Local chambers of commerce can help connect you with businesses in your area.

If you or a loved one is living with a disability, there are many options available to help you live the fulfilling life you deserve. We couldn’t name them all but the above information offers a great start.

A World of Learning

 

A World of Learning: 

Expanding Your Child’s Knowledge Outside the Classroom

written by Gwen Payne of invisiblemoms.com

 

For many children, true learning begins after the bell rings. If your child is struggling with a particular subject, there are plenty of activities that can help them to learn and explore outside of the classroom - here are a few for you to consider.

 Activities

 Science Experiments

 There are lots of easy science experiments that can be done right in your kitchen to improve a child’s knowledge. For example, you can make homemade slime or volcanoes. These types of activities are not only fun, but they also help children understand basic concepts in science.

Art & Music

Encourage your child’s creativity by signing them up for art or music classes, or if you’re feeling extra creative, you can get involved yourself! There are countless benefits to learning an instrument or participating in the arts. For example, studies have shown that music can improve memory, concentration, and motor skills.

Backyard Activities

You’ll find no shortage of learning opportunities right in your backyard. You could, for example, plant a garden together and learn about the different types of plants, how they grow, and the science behind photosynthesis. Alternatively, you could also set up a bird feeder and observe/catalog the different types of birds visiting.

Nature

Spending time in nature is not only good for your child’s mental health, but it can also be educational. At the local park, you can go on a nature hike and learn about the different types of trees, plants, and animals that live there. You can also visit a nearby farm and learn about where food comes from and how it’s grown.

Games

There are tons of educational games available online or at your local library. These games can help children learn about anything from math and science to history and geography. They can also provide a great way to bond as a family.

Technology

In today’s world, it’s impossible to avoid technology, and while there are some downsides to screen time, there are also many educational apps and websites that can be used to support learning. For example, some apps can help children practice math facts or learn a new language.

A Home Culture of Learning

While it may be difficult to find the time, it’s important to commit to your child’s education and development. Having a plan of attack will ensure your children have quality time with you, and by creating a home culture of learning, you can instill a love of learning in your child that will last a lifetime.

●       Allocate time: No matter how busy your schedule is, it’s important to make time for your child to learn, grow, and develop, regardless of whether it’s 30 minutes in the morning before school or an hour before bedtime.

●       Organization: This might mean setting a daily or weekly schedule, or it might mean creating a designated space in your home for learning. Having a plan will help you make the most of your time.

●       Teachable moments: Take advantage of teachable moments that arise throughout the day, and if your child is interested in a particular topic, take the time to explore it with them. These moments can be some of the most valuable in terms of learning.

Learning to Teach

Gaining a better understanding of how to shape learning can be a gateway to improving kids' opportunities for growth. You could go back to school and get a bachelor of science in education, for example - this would help you to develop important skills, such as instructional practice and learner development. Classes in specific subjects can also give you the knowledge you need to support your child’s learning at home. Online programs offer flexibility and can be a great way to fit learning into your busy life.

Your child's education is important, and there are many ways to support their learning both inside and outside of the classroom. With a little creativity and organization, or by returning to school to upskill yourself, you can make the most of your time and help them succeed.

 

Since 1963, LDA has provided support to people with learning disabilities, their parents, teachers, and other professionals with cutting-edge information on learning disabilities, practical solutions, and a comprehensive network of resources. Learn more at: www.ldasc.org

Image by Pexels

 

Trade School Guide for Students with Disabilities

WRITTEN BY SOPHIE TARRANT | EDITED BY ANA ECONOMIDES

When thinking about jobs, students with disabilities may worry they won't find a good fit. The strong message in high school (or even earlier!) is students must get bachelor's degrees. But college isn’t for everyone — regardless of ability.

And that's OK!

There's no one-size-fits-all way to get to a great future. For example, trade or vocational schools offer focused, career-driven education full of opportunities.

Read on to learn more about applying to and attending trade school as a disabled student.

Skip to popular topics on this page: Benefits of Trade School for Students With Disabilities | How to Find the Right Program and School | Transitioning to Postsecondary Education | Paying for Trade or Vocational School | Accommodations and Support for Students with Disabilities | Building Your Trade School "Success Team" | What Rights Do Students with Disabilities Have? | Career Planning for Students with Disabilities

Benefits of Trade School for Students With Disabilities

Trade schools can provide the perfect learning environment for students with disabilities. Programs tend to focus on a subject the student is passionate about rather than a wide variety of topics. They also often have hands-on learning with small class sizes and short timelines.

How to Find the Right Program and School

The school you attend can have a massive effect on your future career. But, making sure you choose the right one can be tricky. Living with a disability can make it feel harder still. Only you know what your perfect school and program would look like.

Keep the following points in mind when browsing to make the choice a little easier.

Is the Subject Right for You?

Studying something you're passionate about can give you a great head start. Think about where your strengths lie and what excites and inspires you.

Consider whether the job you wish to pursue has any hurdles you might need to jump, and if so, how you will do that.

You can also speak with professionals to learn more about the day-to-day reality of life on the job. Online forums, social media groups, and trade organizations can help you meet them.

Is the Program Up to Date?

When browsing programs, dig into each school's catalog to see what it covers. Some may be more hands-on, whereas others focus on classroom learning.

It's also crucial that the school is up-to-date on industry trends, techniques, and laws.

Ask when the curriculum was last updated and about any links the school has to local businesses. This could be vital when you're looking to set up internships or other work experience.

Is the School Accredited?

Accreditation is another important consideration by relevant organizations or government entities. Accredited schools must prove their classes, facilities, and faculty meet high standards.

Not only is accreditation a mark of quality, but it also affects other parts of the school experience. For example, without accreditation, schools cannot offer federal financial aid.

Not all trade programs are accredited because it's a costly process. Further, many beauty schools aren't accredited but have the state's approval.

Does the School Provide Resources for Students with Disabilities?

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires schools to accommodate students with disabilities. But, especially in postsecondary schools, students may need to seek accommodations out.

Don't be nervous to ask schools how they help students with disabilities. If they don't have rules in place, you may find they're less equipped to serve your educational needs.

See our Resources and Support for Students with Disabilities section for information about what schools can do.

Does the Faculty Provide Adequate Support?

A faculty who cares for students and provides them with support is another sign of a great school.

Schools can show their support in many ways. For instance, they can ensure students with disabilities have academic and career help. Schools can also train teachers in working with students with needs.

Some schools hire specialized staff to work with disabled students. Again, don't be afraid to ask your prospective school more about this when making your choice.

Transitioning to Postsecondary Education

As Benjamin Franklin once said, "failing to plan is planning to fail." Going from high school to postsecondary education is exciting, but it can be daunting, too.

The earlier you start preparing, the smoother the process should be. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) recommends students start planning for postsecondary education in middle school.

But, if you haven't considered your move until now, don't worry too much — there's still time!

Many high schools have resources to help with the transition to postsecondary school. Be sure to ask your teachers, support workers, and other caregivers for help.

In addition, there are many things you can do yourself to make the move easier. For example:

• Think about your strengths and understand your learning style. Is there anything you'd like to improve or work on before you advance to the next level of education?
• Brush up on social and personal skills, like confidence, time management, and communication.
• Know how and when to discuss your needs and how to ask for accommodations. Learn to speak and act on your behalf, ask for help when needed, and make informed decisions.
• Read up on your rights as a student with disabilities
• Keep your personal, medical, and educational records up to date.
• Hold on to examples of work you're proud of.
• Take part in activities and courses that might help your application to trade school.

Comprehensive transition and postsecondary (CTP) programs and funding are also available for students with intellectual disabilities. These allow those students to participate in traditional college courses and student life.

Paying for Trade or Vocational School

Trade schools typically offer shorter, less expensive programs than traditional four-year colleges. Additionally, several financial aid options are available to students with disabilities. These include federal aid, grants, student loans, scholarships, and more.

The first step toward getting federal financial aid is completing a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Completing and submitting the FAFSA gives you access to federal support. Plus, many states, colleges, and private providers also use the information to determine your eligibility for other aid.

Student Loans

You might be offered a student loan when applying for federal financial aid. This money must be paid back, usually with interest.

There are a variety of different federal student loans available, including:

• Direct Subsidized Loans based on financial need
• Direct Unsubsidized Loans not based on financial need)
• Direct PLUS Loans help pay for education expenses not covered by other financial aid
• Direct Consolidation Loans allow you to combine all your student loans into one

For more information, visit the federal government’s Student Aid website. You may also want to compare loans from banks, credit unions, and other institutions.

Grants

While loans must be repaid, grants are typically given without needing repayment.

But, there may be some situations where a grant does need to be repaid.

For example, if you get a grant based on completing an obligation and fail to do so, you may owe your grantor.

A variety of grants are available for students with disabilities, including federal Pell Grants (open to all students), Landmark College grants (specializing in students with dyslexia, ADHD, and ASD), and the federal TRIO Student Support Services program (for low-income students, students with disabilities, and first-generation students). The requirements for each grant varies, so research your options before applying.

Scholarships for Students with Disabilities

While grants and scholarships don't need to be repaid, they aren't the same. Grants are typically awarded based on financial need. In contrast, scholarships are often based on academics, special skills, extracurriculars, and more.

Many scholarships focus on specific disabilities, geographical areas, or academic specialties. Here are a few available right now.

• The Wells Fargo Scholarship Program for People with Disabilities: This award gives full-time students up to $2,500 and part-time students up to $1,250 It's available to those with an identified disability enrolled in postsecondary education.
• The American Council of the Blind (ACB) Scholarship: The ACB awards $2,000-$7,500 to students who are legally blind, have a 3.0 GPA, and are involved in their school or community.
• The AbbVie CF Scholarship:This scholarship awards 40 exceptional students with Cystic Fibrosis $3,000. Two students receive a Thriving Student Scholarship, winning an additional $22,000 each.
• The AlphaOne Powering Education Scholarship: This scholarship provides $2,000 to three postsecondary students in Maine each year. You must have a disability, have a B average or equal GPA, and acceptance to a postsecondary school.
• The Organization for Autism Research (OAR) Scholarships: Each year, OAR offers several $3,000 awards for students with autism. They also provide information on many other scholarships available to autistic students.
• The Sleep Family $1,500 Scholarship for Students with Disabilities: This scholarship is awarded annually to a student who has a medically recognized disability, is currently enrolled in or planning to attend a 2-4 year program, community college, or other eligible program in the U.S., and has a minimum GPA of 2.5.

Work-Study programs

Federal Work-Study programs encourage community service and part-time jobs related to your studies.

Accommodations and Support for Students with Disabilities

The ADA requires schools to accommodate students with disabilities so they can succeed.

Your accommodations are specific to your educational, physical, and mental needs. But, here are just a few examples of the resources your school could provide.

An Accessible Campus

One of the best ways a school can help students is by making the campus comfortable and accessible.

• Does it have ramps, handrails, and elevators available for those who need them?
• Are accessible restrooms available?
• Does the school have a quiet, calming space for students when they feel overwhelmed?

Access to Adaptive Tools, Equipment, and Software

Adaptive tools and technology can also make school better for students with disabilities. These could include screen readers, audiobooks, speech recognition programs, and much more.

Test and Exam Support

Exams are always stressful, but students with disabilities may feel extra strain. Schools can help by giving students extra time for tests and access to tools like screen readers.

Student Housing

Look at the dorms if you plan to live on campus.

• Are they accessible and comfortable?
• Is there adequate parking?
• Is it quiet enough to allow you to work comfortably, or even, perhaps, too quiet?
• Will you feel overwhelmed or isolated?

If you plan to live off-campus, consider travel time and what nearby parking (or public transit) is like.

General Support

There are many other ways schools can make learning safe and comfortable for students with disabilities. These can include priority registration, a reduced course load, and note-takers.

Building Your Trade School "Success Team"

A great support network can make all the difference when taking the leap from high school to postsecondary education. So, surround yourself with people who understand you and your disability.

This assistance can come from many different places, including:

Family and Friends

Your family and friends know you best and play a key role in helping you achieve academic success. They may be able to help with finances, organization, chores, and more. So, having your loved ones around is one of the best ways to stay on track.

Division of Vocational Rehabilitation Services (DVRS) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

The Division of Vocational Rehabilitation Services (DVRS) helps people with disabilities achieve their goals for employment and independence. They can connect you with local services and resources to help you get the most out of your education.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments may also ease the financial burden.

Mental Health Services

Starting at a new school can feel overwhelming. So, be aware of your school's mental health and medical services before you begin. Whether you need medication or someone to talk to, trained professionals can help.

Tech Support

There's nothing more frustrating than having technical difficulties during an assignment. Familiarize yourself with your school's IT department so you know who to call in times of need.

If your school doesn't have a specific tech team, ask your friends and family to help instead.

What Rights Do Students with Disabilities Have?

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) all work to ensure disabled people maintain the same rights and have access to the same educational standards as all other students.

Some of the rights these regulations focus on are:

• To have equal access to postsecondary education
• To not be discriminated against in any way
• To participate in and enjoy the benefits of their chosen school
• To have an accessible education
• To have appropriate accommodation
• To bring a service animal to school with them
• To have information about your disability kept private

Required Documents and Disclosures

In elementary, middle, and high school, you didn't need to disclose your disabilities. Instead, provisions may have been made by your guardians and teachers.

You may have had an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) or 504 Plan to ensure the school met your needs.

But, these plans end after high school. Then, you must apply for accommodations. As part of this, you need to give your school documentation and disclosures.

Schools want to support and provide you with the best experience possible. So, you must tell the truth when discussing your disabilities. That said, you still have the right to privacy and don't need to disclose every little thing.

Each school has its own requirements. But, most ask for documentation from a doctor or another licensed professional.

It may also be helpful to explain how your disability impacts your academic career. Further, describe accommodations you've found helpful that you'd like them to provide, too.

Career Planning for Students with Disabilities

Of course, the goal of all this hard work is to graduate from school and launch a long and successful career. You should start considering the next steps in your journey before you graduate.

In fact, there's never been a better time to start than now.

In 2021, 19.1% of people with disabilities were employed. Meanwhile, 63.7% of people without disabilities had jobs.

Students with disabilities often face challenges during their job searches. But, more workplaces are making changes for the safety and comfort of disabled employees.

Job Searching and Resume Tips

Many people find employment through job sites like Indeed, Monster, and LinkedIn.

There are also several disability-specific job search sites, such as Chronically Capable, Inclusively, Ability Jobs, Disabled Person, and RecruitDisability.

When looking for an employer, find a good fit for you. Be mindful of the environments that suit you best. For example, if you find being on your feet all day painful, avoid roles that involve a lot of standing or walking.

Find out if a company's premises are accessible or if any rules or dress codes make you uncomfortable. Check review sites like Indeed and Glassdoor to see if disabled employees have spoken about their experiences.

Other avenues to finding employment don't involve going online. Many trade schools provide career guidance and placement opportunities for their students. Additionally, DVRS can assist. Speak to your educators and mentors to gather their advice, too.

When applying for jobs, you need a resume, proof of qualifications, and references. You may also need a cover letter. Format these in a cohesive way to present a complete package to employers. You don't need to disclose your disabilities at this stage, though you can.

Dealing With Stigmas or Discrimination in School and the Workplace

As much as we'd like to think that there's no stigma around disability in today's world, that isn't always the case. You may run into ignorance or prejudice. Even those who would have your back may not see microaggressions or other issues.

This can lead to people with disabilities hiding their needs or discomfort. They may not disclose their disabilities in the first place for fear of backlash.

It's vital to stand up for your rights. Know your worth, both as a person and as an employee. Most of all, believe in yourself and your abilities. Don't be afraid to speak out.

The ADA and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act aim to ensure people with disabilities aren't discriminated against at work. If needed, complaints can be filed by visiting the ADA website.